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Virtual Touristの価格

Virtual Touristの‌価格VT

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注:この情報はあくまでも参考情報です。

今日のVirtual Touristの価格

Virtual Tourist の今日の現在価格は、(VT / USD)あたり$0.01022 で、現在の時価総額は$0.00 USDです。24時間の取引量は$103,779.46 USDです。VTからUSDの価格はリアルタイムで更新されています。Virtual Tourist は0.44%過去24時間で変動しました。循環供給は0 です。

VTの最高価格はいくらですか?

VTの過去最高値(ATH)は2022-04-21に記録された$0.1956です。

VTの最安価格はいくらですか?

VTの過去最安値(ATH)は2022-12-29に記録された$0.001275です。
Virtual Touristの利益を計算する

Virtual Touristの価格予測

2025年のVTの価格はどうなる?

VTの過去の価格パフォーマンス予測モデルによると、VTの価格は2025年に$0.01290に達すると予測されます。

2030年のVTの価格はどうなる?

2030年には、VTの価格は-2.00%変動する見込みです。 2030年末には、VTの価格は$0.02398に達し、累積ROIは+117.46%になると予測されます。

Virtual Touristの価格履歴(USD)

Virtual Touristの価格は、この1年で-4.51%を記録しました。直近1年間のUSD建てVTの最高値は$0.01958で、直近1年間のUSD建てVTの最安値は$0.006352でした。
時間価格変動率(%)価格変動率(%)最低価格対応する期間における{0}の最低価格です。最高価格 最高価格
24h+0.44%$0.01015$0.01023
7d+7.21%$0.009585$0.01107
30d+47.16%$0.006568$0.01107
90d+12.64%$0.006352$0.01227
1y-4.51%$0.006352$0.01958
すべての期間-64.74%$0.001275(2022-12-29, 1年前 )$0.1956(2022-04-21, 2年前 )

Virtual Touristの市場情報

時価総額
--
+0.44%
完全希薄化の時価総額
$3,066,664.63
+0.44%
24時間取引量
$103,779.46
-25.27%
マーケットランキング
流通率
0.00%
24時間取引量 / 時価総額
0.00%
循環供給量
0 VT
総供給量÷最大供給量
300,000,000 VT
300,000,000 VT
Virtual Touristを今すぐ購入する

Virtual Touristの評価

コミュニティからの平均評価
4.6
100の評価
このコンテンツは情報提供のみを目的としたものです。

Virtual Tourist (VT)について

バーチャルツーリストトークン:その歴史的重要性と主な特徴

仮想通貨または暗号通貨は、元々将来的なデジタル通貨の可能性を示すために開発されましたが、その用途が多様化するにつれて、特定の目的や特定のコミュニティに特化した新たな形の通貨がいくつも登場しました。その中でも特に注目されているのが「バーチャルツーリストトークン」です。

バーチャルツーリストトークンの歴史的意義

バーチャルツーリストトークンの登場は、ブロックチェーン技術と暗号通貨の可能性を新たなレベルへと引き上げるものであり、またデジタル資産交換の新たな道筋を示すものとなりました。

バーチャルツーリストトークンの最大の歴史的意義は、従来の通貨では実現できなかった新しい金融モデルを提示することです。実際の観光地やイベントへのアクセス権をデジタル資産として取引できるようにしたことで、独自のエコシステムを持つこの新しい型の暗号通貨は、ブロックチェーンの可能性を一段と広げました。

バーチャルツーリストトークンの主な特徴

バーチャルツーリストトークンの主な特徴は、観光地やイベントへのアクセス権をデジタル資産として表現することです。これにより、所有者は特定の観光地やイベントへの参加権、又はその他の特典を得ることができます。また、これらのトークンはデジタル資産交換にリストされ、その価値が市場によって決まるため、投資としての側面も持っています。

バーチャルツーリストトークンは、観光業界とブロックチェーン技術を融合させることで、新たな金融モデルを創出しました。これは、ブロックチェーンの分散化、トランスペアレンシー、セキュリティと、観光資源の希少性と独自性を組み合わせることによって実現されています。

まとめると、バーチャルツーリストトークンは、暗号通貨の概念を一歩前進させ、世界中の様々な観光地やイベントへのアクセスをデジタル資産として取引する新しい金融モデルを提供しています。これは、観光業界だけでなく、ブロックチェーン技術とその応用がどのように具体的な価値を提供できるか示す一例であり、その意義は大きいと言えるでしょう。

Virtual Tourist(VT)の購入方法

無料でBitgetアカウントを作成します

無料でBitgetアカウントを作成します

Eメールアドレス/携帯電話番号でBitgetに登録し、アカウントを保護するために強力なパスワードを作成します。
アカウントを認証する

アカウントを認証する

個人情報を入力し、有効な写真付き身分証明書をアップロードして本人確認(KYC認証)を行います。
Virtual Tourist (VT)を購入

Virtual Tourist (VT)を購入

BitgetでVirtual Touristを購入するには、様々なお支払い方法をご利用いただけます。

エリートトレーダーをフォローして、VTのコピートレードを始めましょう。

Bitgetに登録し、USDTまたはVTトークンを購入した後、エリートトレーダーをフォローしてコピートレードを開始することもできます。

よくあるご質問

Virtual Touristの現在の価格はいくらですか?

Virtual Touristのライブ価格は$0.01(VT/USD)で、現在の時価総額は$0 USDです。Virtual Touristの価値は、暗号資産市場の24時間365日休みない動きにより、頻繁に変動します。Virtual Touristのリアルタイムでの現在価格とその履歴データは、Bitgetで閲覧可能です。

Virtual Touristの24時間取引量は?

過去24時間で、Virtual Touristの取引量は$103,779.46です。

Virtual Touristの過去最高値はいくらですか?

Virtual Tourist の過去最高値は$0.1956です。この過去最高値は、Virtual Touristがローンチされて以来の最高値です。

BitgetでVirtual Touristを購入できますか?

はい、Virtual Touristは現在、Bitgetの取引所で利用できます。より詳細な手順については、お役立ちの購入方法 ガイドをご覧ください。

Virtual Touristに投資して安定した収入を得ることはできますか?

もちろん、Bitgetは戦略的取引プラットフォームを提供し、インテリジェントな取引Botで取引を自動化し、利益を得ることができます。

Virtual Touristを最も安く購入できるのはどこですか?

戦略的取引プラットフォームがBitget取引所でご利用いただけるようになりました。Bitgetは、トレーダーが確実に利益を得られるよう、業界トップクラスの取引手数料と流動性を提供しています。

Virtual Tourist(VT)はどこで買えますか?

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Bitgetに暗号資産を入金し、高い流動性と低い取引手数料をご活用ください。

動画セクション - 素早く認証を終えて、素早く取引へ

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Bitgetで本人確認(KYC認証)を完了し、詐欺から身を守る方法
1. Bitgetアカウントにログインします。
2. Bitgetにまだアカウントをお持ちでない方は、アカウント作成方法のチュートリアルをご覧ください。
3. プロフィールアイコンにカーソルを合わせ、「未認証」をクリックし、「認証する」をクリックしてください。
4. 発行国または地域と身分証の種類を選択し、指示に従ってください。
5. 「モバイル認証」または「PC」をご希望に応じて選択してください。
6. 個人情報を入力し、身分証明書のコピーを提出し、自撮りで撮影してください。
7. 申請書を提出すれば、本人確認(KYC認証)は完了です。
Bitgetを介してオンラインでVirtual Touristを購入することを含む暗号資産投資は、市場リスクを伴います。Bitgetでは、簡単で便利な購入方法を提供しており、取引所で提供している各暗号資産について、ユーザーに十分な情報を提供するよう努力しています。ただし、Virtual Touristの購入によって生じる結果については、当社は責任を負いかねます。このページおよび含まれる情報は、特定の暗号資産を推奨するものではありません。

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VT
USD
1 VT = 0.01022 USD
Bitgetは、主要取引プラットフォームの中で最も低い取引手数料を提供しています。VIPレベルが高ければ高いほど、より有利なレートが適用されます。
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0.1%
Kraken
0.26%
Coinbase
1.99%

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Mamunur878
Mamunur878
21時
Key
"bc1qrcu6fjehnau3kgu9vz9rswfc8vg3l6pad73fy2, bc1q3qpy88q4x6cvrpvh6czks9zckyev70eca6t390, bc1q88du9wwx2wh49udsq6pmugsanq5t2w8dupvxam, bc1ql793fklnz9r0q3ausmjzwv3r4cgtzj0yp2qpua, bc1qecegzfhgnv7jm9k588xe5rjf93leury2pr8vr8, bc1q9pklpf78z4lnqjsc8uq7dhfkvkga8lyhvqlr43, bc1ql8j2ym0cqzyvudw4f70gg0cqxsm4gendw6wfl9, bc1qgqcr0txmfqw4edtfy5gt6vuefftj3c09jff50n, bc1qhat3gn909gzjr79zgl2t60zdtzw3p9gn5n0gmh, bc1q8h83f345sw5627jessqrt9849krjhgy5vv7v6x, bc1qj7k5lzudfhf4cz9spzfs2y623xr9x4z735rgy2, bc1qpm4j03rrd5px5sfrh2473738le278r8hz33gwf, bc1qx4pay2lm77mkeudw0a444lecfk8l4z5xzvm7pd, bc1qt0yppxtvfhsdng6nda2rmy7srjf6sa2nnh3aec, bc1qlcawcka6qw9cp8r6mh0zhy87027m3pltrmrf50, bc1qxsvfkzdy47vt4w6s5ug97al4yu0mdn5j4vu9v4, bc1qalx0tut0yckqnmh7gsqjh30gfazqllezvkq22h, bc1qpsug9t5wslkj8zg2ed9gptl6832k8wky5e9k06, bc1qdxzw34dx7ngdfx77ay4283727d6gdeaj9s732m, bc1qs72df4emfy4qgdh9qxltxh8s5h3hcxw3pewmv5, bc1q2aqddqm8j03erfzpgshlxw8plr08z4l4aaalp3", "bc1q2zrc6t7zdklc54pffvg8f95qk70rue6lfct4ke, bc1qvetlaf9vxhpaze699s33g357y7drr80y9g2539, bc1q3zr2weqgeuuz4k2vdu7gyzh8ql4rvckrq6c2y6, bc1qzx04sy70zfvt4pyg3zz0nrn3fs8czrm9e4p8fq, bc1qqt6xjufqrvpqss3zcyfsvxc26xuqr2lyrs0hxa, bc1qd6u6x2pyxgdvlqrec56t7jeqpz09sr84j4244t, bc1q35hm0fq73a6fh59y7vkmlk5fuzf9j285kngukm, bc1qetpwqck5ulfv82hrmhvvy0tfmekvpq0yysw54p, bc1q5x38f4zlwrgtkj26tpg5rg3k0hyyxw4xf98tx4, bc1quwnufvhqx2s2fj9krjdy8lp8pycdxta5lt3qaf, bc1q4l6zg5tmpw9tzdqw62xayh4dk47e32dnk2c2fa, bc1qfr43593yez9e7mzj0e0x2qkxth6qyxc8v4styy, bc1q0knvdtktsn5nsk7jnywxkj8tr7mvylcgnyv4un, bc1qrajgyxrfk3a65tdh0yukqwyz20dxfrxhd3e767, bc1qmtyuujfpjkwas4nv2rl2npxjgnknhqdtj0xlx3, bc1qfzy4ayz4v0lsvdg9p3hyxacm3p8mdcpf8gyvxt, bc1qyvf3t5sv8q6sk9eavlm6n5qunmr44wc5gfrfx6, bc1qla9qn4w037g0pp5379wt84ks2s4h80m6tqeua8, bc1qr5t96ptxeu2fvt3eq8kye60vfkxxwgskkh6maa, bc1qwktux575gg93jphym9fje0wtufsyrlfrfatffz, bc1q9fta0692hkdqwhmmrklkrt90mhkezhq2ssuv80";
AL+2.23%
X+0.19%
Mamunur878
Mamunur878
21時
"bc1qrcu6fjehnau3kgu9vz9rswfc8vg3l6pad73fy2, bc1q3qpy88q4x6cvrpvh6czks9zckyev70eca6t390, bc1q88du9wwx2wh49udsq6pmugsanq5t2w8dupvxam, bc1ql793fklnz9r0q3ausmjzwv3r4cgtzj0yp2qpua, bc1qecegzfhgnv7jm9k588xe5rjf93leury2pr8vr8, bc1q9pklpf78z4lnqjsc8uq7dhfkvkga8lyhvqlr43, bc1ql8j2ym0cqzyvudw4f70gg0cqxsm4gendw6wfl9, bc1qgqcr0txmfqw4edtfy5gt6vuefftj3c09jff50n, bc1qhat3gn909gzjr79zgl2t60zdtzw3p9gn5n0gmh, bc1q8h83f345sw5627jessqrt9849krjhgy5vv7v6x, bc1qj7k5lzudfhf4cz9spzfs2y623xr9x4z735rgy2, bc1qpm4j03rrd5px5sfrh2473738le278r8hz33gwf, bc1qx4pay2lm77mkeudw0a444lecfk8l4z5xzvm7pd, bc1qt0yppxtvfhsdng6nda2rmy7srjf6sa2nnh3aec, bc1qlcawcka6qw9cp8r6mh0zhy87027m3pltrmrf50, bc1qxsvfkzdy47vt4w6s5ug97al4yu0mdn5j4vu9v4, bc1qalx0tut0yckqnmh7gsqjh30gfazqllezvkq22h, bc1qpsug9t5wslkj8zg2ed9gptl6832k8wky5e9k06, bc1qdxzw34dx7ngdfx77ay4283727d6gdeaj9s732m, bc1qs72df4emfy4qgdh9qxltxh8s5h3hcxw3pewmv5, bc1q2aqddqm8j03erfzpgshlxw8plr08z4l4aaalp3", "bc1q2zrc6t7zdklc54pffvg8f95qk70rue6lfct4ke, bc1qvetlaf9vxhpaze699s33g357y7drr80y9g2539, bc1q3zr2weqgeuuz4k2vdu7gyzh8ql4rvckrq6c2y6, bc1qzx04sy70zfvt4pyg3zz0nrn3fs8czrm9e4p8fq, bc1qqt6xjufqrvpqss3zcyfsvxc26xuqr2lyrs0hxa, bc1qd6u6x2pyxgdvlqrec56t7jeqpz09sr84j4244t, bc1q35hm0fq73a6fh59y7vkmlk5fuzf9j285kngukm, bc1qetpwqck5ulfv82hrmhvvy0tfmekvpq0yysw54p, bc1q5x38f4zlwrgtkj26tpg5rg3k0hyyxw4xf98tx4, bc1quwnufvhqx2s2fj9krjdy8lp8pycdxta5lt3qaf, bc1q4l6zg5tmpw9tzdqw62xayh4dk47e32dnk2c2fa, bc1qfr43593yez9e7mzj0e0x2qkxth6qyxc8v4styy, bc1q0knvdtktsn5nsk7jnywxkj8tr7mvylcgnyv4un, bc1qrajgyxrfk3a65tdh0yukqwyz20dxfrxhd3e767, bc1qmtyuujfpjkwas4nv2rl2npxjgnknhqdtj0xlx3, bc1qfzy4ayz4v0lsvdg9p3hyxacm3p8mdcpf8gyvxt, bc1qyvf3t5sv8q6sk9eavlm6n5qunmr44wc5gfrfx6, bc1qla9qn4w037g0pp5379wt84ks2s4h80m6tqeua8, bc1qr5t96ptxeu2fvt3eq8kye60vfkxxwgskkh6maa, bc1qwktux575gg93jphym9fje0wtufsyrlfrfatffz, bc1q9fta0692hkdqwhmmrklkrt90mhkezhq2ssuv80";
AL+2.23%
X+0.19%
Mukarama1432
Mukarama1432
2024/10/20 18:17
Introducing Puffer: Revolutionizing Ethereum Staking Puffer enhances Ethereum staking with its innovative Validator Tickets (VTs) and EigenLayer restaking. Key benefits: 1. *Improved Incentives*: VTs incentivize node operators (NoOps) to perform optimally, ensuring rewards for stakers. 2. *Reduced Barriers*: 1-2 ETH collateral requirement, making staking accessible. 3. *Enhanced Security*: Anti-slashing technology protects staker ETH. 4. *Simplified Operations*: No rug-pooling oversight needed. 5. *Growth Fuel*: Continuous rewards despite validator queues. *How Puffer Works* 1. Stakers deposit ETH, receiving pufETH tokens. 2. NoOps lock pufETH and VTs to run validators. 3. VT prices reflect daily validator earnings. 4. NoOps earn 100% of validator rewards. *Validator Tickets* 1. Represent one day of validator rights. 2. Priced based on expected daily earnings. 3. Burned upon validator exit. *Puffer's Impact* 1. Democratizes staking with lower collateral. 2. Aligns NoOp incentives with staker interests. 3. Enhances Ethereum stability. Join the Puffer community to stay updated. Resources: - Puffer Website - Ethereum Documentation - EigenLayer Information Disclaimer: Cryptocurrency markets are volatile.
ETH+6.80%
VT-0.29%
Mukarama1432
Mukarama1432
2024/10/20 18:05
Introducing Puffer: Revolutionizing Ethereum Staking Puffer enhances Ethereum staking with its innovative Validator Tickets (VTs) and EigenLayer restaking. Key benefits: 1. *Improved Incentives*: VTs incentivize node operators (NoOps) to perform optimally, ensuring rewards for stakers. 2. *Reduced Barriers*: 1-2 ETH collateral requirement, making staking accessible. 3. *Enhanced Security*: Anti-slashing technology protects staker ETH. 4. *Simplified Operations*: No rug-pooling oversight needed. 5. *Growth Fuel*: Continuous rewards despite validator queues. *How Puffer Works* 1. Stakers deposit ETH, receiving pufETH tokens. 2. NoOps lock pufETH and VTs to run validators. 3. VT prices reflect daily validator earnings. 4. NoOps earn 100% of validator rewards. *Validator Tickets* 1. Represent one day of validator rights. 2. Priced based on expected daily earnings. 3. Burned upon validator exit. *Puffer's Impact* 1. Democratizes staking with lower collateral. 2. Aligns NoOp incentives with staker interests. 3. Enhances Ethereum stability. Join the Puffer community to stay updated. Resources: - Puffer Website - Ethereum Documentation - EigenLayer Information Disclaimer: Cryptocurrency markets are volatile.
ETH+6.80%
VT-0.29%
Mr_america
Mr_america
2024/10/20 15:36
Native restaking 🥩 A native restaker is an Ethereum PoS validator that restakes their 32 ETH to
Native restaking 🥩 A native restaker is an Ethereum PoS validator that restakes their 32 ETH to operate Eigenlayer AVSs. Native restakers are awarded AVS fees in exchange for their service, but are subject to penalties if they break the AVS's rules. To engage in native restaking, validators must point their withdrawal credentials to an EigenPod contract which then opts-in to restaking and chooses its AVSs. Native restaking allows validators to better utilize their ETH capital and hardware to supplement their PoS rewards. However, the 32 ETH requirement is too high a barrier for most to participate. Additionally, some AVSs may require far greater computational requirements than what is expected from PoS. Puffer aims to address this through its PufferModules. Puffer Modules 🐡$PUFFER At its core, the Puffer protocol is a collection of PufferModule contracts. Each module controls an EigenPod that functions as a single native restaker but is composed of many NoOp-controlled validators. Modules are filled with the validators of NoOps whose sole job is to perform Ethereum PoS validation. The validators' ETH is then restaked and used as collateral for EigenLayer AVSs. During Puffer's initial phase, the responsibility of operating the AVSs is delegated to a DAO-chosen restaking operator (ReOp), who provides the service in exchange for a portion of the generated AVS fees. The protocol decides which AVSs the modules are assigned, allowing restaked ETH to be allocated to AVSs according to the protocol's risk preferences. Given the delegation risk, the NoOps are awarded commission on the AVS fees with the rest returned to the protocol, helping grow the value of pufETH. This allows NoOps with less than 2 ETH to earn rewards from native restaking. Restaking Operators Restaking Operators (ReOps) are operators whose job is to perform all the required AVS duties on behalf of a given restaking module. ReOps may also be NoOps within their own or other modules. ReOps are expected to perform well to maximize restaking rewards for their own benefit and that of the NoOps in their module and pufETH holders downstream. In the Puffer protocol, ReOps operate through RestakingOperator contracts, which allows governance to decide their AVS selections through the PufferModuleManager contract. Joining a module 👈 To hold strong to our alignment with Ethereum's ethos, it is always permissionless for NoOps to join a module and deploy an Ethereum validator. To join, NoOps lock 1 or 2 ETH collateral and lock validator tickets, which represent a long-term commitment to run a validator in the module. Their collateral is then locked as pufETH and they are provisioned 32 ETH to deploy their validator to the module's EigenPod contract. The NoOp is now entitled to keep all of the PoS rewards (consensus and execution) generated by their validator. The NoOps that joined PufferModules will also receive restaking rewards. Restaking risks and mitigations 🚧 The concept of restaking, while promising, introduces certain inherent risks to stakers and NoOps alike. These primarily revolve around the vulnerabilities of smart contracts and potential AVS slashing risks. Through the sustainable rewards that it can offer, restaking can reshape the dynamics of the liquid staking market, which is currently on a dangerous path towards complete centralization. Restricting ReOps To ensure a safe transition into the world of restaking, Puffer will rely more heavily on governance to decide restaking qualifications during its nascent stages. During this time, only reputable ReOps with excellent performance that have been selected through governance will be eligible to operate the AVSs on behalf of a given module. As Eigenlayer, AVSs, and Puffer’s anti-slashing mechanisms mature, proven NoOps will have the option to become ReOps without DAO-approval. Restricting AVSs As an open platform, EigenLayer allows anyone to deploy an AVS. Thus, allowing PufferModules to service any AVS would expose the stakers and NoOps to too much slashing risk. To mitigate this risk, Puffer requires the DAO to onboard new modules, carefully vet the allowed AVSs, and manage the allocation of modules to AVSs. Validator Tickets Validator Tickets are the evolution to Puffer's initial "Smoothing Commitment" research collaboration with Justin Drake, and are closely related to the recent "Execution Tickets" proposal that was added to Ethereum's roadmap. Overview The idea is simple but powerful: pufETH: People stake their ETH and receive pufETH, a token representing their staked ETH within the Puffer protocol, which is used to fund Ethereum validators. Validator Tickets (VTs): VTs are ERC20 tokens that grant the holder the right to run a staker-funded Ethereum validator for a day. VTs are minted by ETH deposits. This ETH goes towards compensating pufETH holders for financing validators. Running Validators: To run a validator, a node operator must lock VTs and lock in 1 ETH of pufETH as collateral. Pricing VTs: The price of a VT is set based on the expected daily earnings from running a validator. This price directly influences the expected pufETH APR. Benefits: VTs create new trading opportunities, address “rug-pooling”, and incentivize good performance. pufETH holders earn rewards immediately when VTs are purchased. Consuming VTs allows the node operator to keep 100% of the validator’s earnings. The status quo Typically, Liquid Staking Protocols (LSPs) use two methods for validators: Unbonded Model: Validators don't need to lock up collateral. This is good for growth but risky because penalties affect the staking pool, and it often requires specially approved validators (permissioned / KYC). Bonded Model: Validators lock collateral for their operation period. This method is more secure and allows for any validator to join, but slows LSP growth as it requires a large amount of ETH upfront per validator. Puffer uses the bonded model as it is more ethos-aligned, but adds VTs to address some of its shortcomings. How are VTs used? Validator Tickets supplement validator bonds. When registering a validator, the NoOp locks 1 ETH worth of pufETH as a bond and deposits at least 28 VTs. In exchange, they are allocated 32 ETH to run a validator, and are entitled to 100% of the Proof of Stake (PoS) rewards they produce over as many days as VTs they've deposited. In other words, NoOps pay pufETH holders ETH upfront to run a validator. Each VT represents one validator-day of expected Proof of Stake (PoS) rewards. The payments to mint VTs directly pay pufETH holders, creating strong growth dynamics. This mechanism is favorable for stakers, capital efficient, and incentivizes for optimal NoOp performance. Upon exiting a validator, the number of locked VT tokens, corresponding to the number of days the validator was active, will be burned and the remaining locked VTs may be retrieved by the NoOp. Why? ~ NoOp Incentives The success of an LSP largely depends upon the performance of its NoOps. Traditionally, having NoOps deposit collateral has been a method to ensure alignment with the protocol's objectives. The logic is simple: with a financial stake in play, NoOps have a deterrent against going offline, suffering slashing penalties, or engaging in nefarious activities like MEV theft ("rug-pooling"). If they were to engage in such activities, they'd stand to lose their collateral. While this collateral approach discourages penalties, it does not strongly incentivize performance. For instance, a "lazy" NoOp could alternate between being online and offline, ensuring their validator balance stays at 32 ETH. This strategy results in no reward generation for the LSP, but also no collateral loss for the NoOp. Puffer changes this incentive landscape through the use of VTs. Since NoOps have already purchased VTs, they stand to gain nothing from underperforming since they cannot recoup this initial payment (as days pass and their VTs are burned), even if they maintain their validator balance. Thus, for a NoOp to turn a profit, they must perform at least on par with the average validator. Those who excel can earn even more. While VTs provide strong disincentives for slashing, to further protect the staker's ETH, Puffer requires a 1 or 2 ETH bond and for NoOps to use anti-slashing technology for defense-in-depth. This new approach neatly tackles two traditional problems: Rug-pooling: With NoOps entitled to all the MEV they generate, there's no longer a need to police or penalize them for rug-pooling. Lazy NoOps: Since stakers get a proxy for PoS rewards upfront via minting VTs, they aren't adversely affected if a NoOp underperforms. Requirements For PoS stability and NoOp incentive alignment, 1 or 2 ETH worth of pufETH and a minimum of 28 VTs are required to be deposited at registration time. Their duration begins at the moment their validator is activated on the beacon chain, and each VT represents 1 day or 255 epochs. Assuming they deposited 28 VTs, after 28 days of validating, the NoOp's validator will be automatically ejected, its 32 ETH returned to the protocol, and bond returned. If they wish to extend their duration, NoOps can deposit additional VTs at any time. NoOps who have Validators with unconsumed VTs (e.g deposited 100 VTs) may retrieve them from the protocol (e.g., 72 VTs). Pricing Validator Tickets Prices of Validator Tickets are secured and posted by RedStone Oracles. The VT Oracle module is fully automated and data is delivered every 12 hours or if the deviation is 10% on MEV payouts or 5% on consensus rewards. The contract can be seen on the ValidatorTicketPricer contract events page here. The pricing module is the heart of the properly functioning Puffer system. Puffer’s stability is based on the correctness of the price from RedStone. Puffer Logo Validator Tickets are Puffer's novel addition to the validator lifecycle in LSTs. Validator Tickets are the evolution to Puffer's initial "Smoothing Commitment" research collaboration with Justin Drake, and are closely related to the recent "Execution Tickets" proposal that was added to Ethereum's roadmap. Overview Minting VTs The idea is simple but powerful: pufETH: People stake their ETH and receive pufETH, a token representing their staked ETH within the Puffer protocol, which is used to fund Ethereum validators. Validator Tickets (VTs): VTs are ERC20 tokens that grant the holder the right to run a staker-funded Ethereum validator for a day. VTs are minted by ETH deposits. This ETH goes towards compensating pufETH holders for financing validators. Running Validators: To run a validator, a node operator must lock VTs and lock in 1 ETH of pufETH as collateral. Pricing VTs: The price of a VT is set based on the expected daily earnings from running a validator. This price directly influences the expected pufETH APR. Benefits: VTs create new trading opportunities, address “rug-pooling”, and incentivize good performance. pufETH holders earn rewards immediately when VTs are purchased. Consuming VTs allows the node operator to keep 100% of the validator’s earnings. tip Before EigenLayer restaking is live, selling VTs is pufETH's source of rewards. The status quo Typically, Liquid Staking Protocols (LSPs) use two methods for validators: Unbonded Model: Validators don't need to lock up collateral. This is good for growth but risky because penalties affect the staking pool, and it often requires specially approved validators (permissioned / KYC). Bonded Model: Validators lock collateral for their operation period. This method is more secure and allows for any validator to join, but slows LSP growth as it requires a large amount of ETH upfront per validator. Puffer uses the bonded model as it is more ethos-aligned, but adds VTs to address some of its shortcomings. How are VTs used? Using VTs Validator Tickets supplement validator bonds. When registering a validator, the NoOp locks 1 ETH worth of pufETH as a bond and deposits at least 28 VTs. In exchange, they are allocated 32 ETH to run a validator, and are entitled to 100% of the Proof of Stake (PoS) rewards they produce over as many days as VTs they've deposited. In other words, NoOps pay pufETH holders ETH upfront to run a validator. tip For stakers, this means the value of pufETH increases every time a VT is minted. Each VT represents one validator-day of expected Proof of Stake (PoS) rewards. The payments to mint VTs directly pay pufETH holders, creating strong growth dynamics. This mechanism is favorable for stakers, capital efficient, and incentivizes for optimal NoOp performance. Upon exiting a validator, the number of locked VT tokens, corresponding to the number of days the validator was active, will be burned and the remaining locked VTs may be retrieved by the NoOp. Why? ~ NoOp Incentives The success of an LSP largely depends upon the performance of its NoOps. Traditionally, having NoOps deposit collateral has been a method to ensure alignment with the protocol's objectives. The logic is simple: with a financial stake in play, NoOps have a deterrent against going offline, suffering slashing penalties, or engaging in nefarious activities like MEV theft ("rug-pooling"). If they were to engage in such activities, they'd stand to lose their collateral. While this collateral approach discourages penalties, it does not strongly incentivize performance. For instance, a "lazy" NoOp could alternate between being online and offline, ensuring their validator balance stays at 32 ETH. This strategy results in no reward generation for the LSP, but also no collateral loss for the NoOp. Puffer changes this incentive landscape through the use of VTs. Since NoOps have already purchased VTs, they stand to gain nothing from underperforming since they cannot recoup this initial payment (as days pass and their VTs are burned), even if they maintain their validator balance. Thus, for a NoOp to turn a profit, they must perform at least on par with the average validator. Those who excel can earn even more. While VTs provide strong disincentives for slashing, to further protect the staker's ETH, Puffer requires a 1 or 2 ETH bond and for NoOps to use anti-slashing technology for defense-in-depth. This new approach neatly tackles two traditional problems: Rug-pooling: With NoOps entitled to all the MEV they generate, there's no longer a need to police or penalize them for rug-pooling. Lazy NoOps: Since stakers get a proxy for PoS rewards upfront via minting VTs, they aren't adversely affected if a NoOp underperforms. Requirements For PoS stability and NoOp incentive alignment, 1 or 2 ETH worth of pufETH and a minimum of 28 VTs are required to be deposited at registration time. Their duration begins at the moment their validator is activated on the beacon chain, and each VT represents 1 day or 255 epochs. Assuming they deposited 28 VTs, after 28 days of validating, the NoOp's validator will be automatically ejected, its 32 ETH returned to the protocol, and bond returned. If they wish to extend their duration, NoOps can deposit additional VTs at any time. NoOps who have Validators with unconsumed VTs (e.g deposited 100 VTs) may retrieve them from the protocol (e.g., 72 VTs). Pricing Validator Tickets Prices of Validator Tickets are secured and posted by RedStone Oracles. The VT Oracle module is fully automated and data is delivered every 12 hours or if the deviation is 10% on MEV payouts or 5% on consensus rewards. The contract can be seen on the ValidatorTicketPricer contract events page here. The pricing module is the heart of the properly functioning Puffer system. Puffer’s stability is based on the correctness of the price from RedStone. During Puffer's Phase 1, VT prices will be posted by the Guardians. The prices are calculated with the following formula, where This capital-efficient approach means that barriers to entry are reduced, enabling a broader range of participants to contribute to securing the network without having to commit a full 32 ETH. Fuels Growth: The VT model is a game-changer for LSPs. It ensures that the LSP continues to earn rewards even when the validator queue is long. In traditional setups, lengthy validator queues could stifle an LSP's ability to grow, but with VTs, this obstacle is greatly diminished. No More Rug-Pooling Oversight: The previous need to constantly watch over and penalize rug-pooling activities added overhead and complexity that may only be solvable with in-protocol solutions like MEV-Burn. With NoOps entitled to 100% of the execution rewards they generate, this oversight becomes unnecessary, simplifying operations. Addresses Lazy NoOps: Traditional bonded models do not fully disincentivize NoOps from denying the pool rewards by going offline frequently. With VTs, NoOps are naturally incentivized to perform their best since their upfront payment cannot be recouped through subpar performance. Slash Resistant: With a combination of just 1 ETH collateral, favorable NoOp incentives, and Puffer's anti-slashing technology, the risk of staker ETH getting penalized from an irresponsible NoOp is considerably reduced. MEV Lottery: NoOps can participate in the MEV lottery, an attractive proposition for many, without having to lock up 32 ETH. This opens the door for more NoOps to benefit from potential MEV gains, further incentivizing participation.$PUFFER
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